Shahyaylaq, located in the northern part of Azerbaijan, nestled in the embrace of the Greater Caucasus Mountains, is one of the most beautiful and mysterious highlands in the country. It is a true paradise for nature lovers and hiking enthusiasts alike. With its unique landscape, rich flora, and historical traces, Shahyaylaq is an ideal destination for both ecotourism and adventure-filled trips.
Located within the Shahdag National Park, Shahyaylaq stretches across the elevated areas of Qusar and Quba districts. Due to its proximity to the Shahdag massif, the locals often refer to it as the "Pasture of Shahdag." The altitude of the area varies between 2,500 and 3,000 meters above sea level.
Each season in Shahyaylaq reveals its own unique beauty. During summer, the vast green meadows bloom with alpine flowers and become home to flocks of sheep brought by shepherds from their winter pastures. In October, after the shepherds return to their winter shelters, a deep silence blankets the highlands. Winter transforms Shahyaylaq into a mesmerizing landscape of snow-covered peaks and powerful winds, adding a mystical charm to the area as everything is enveloped in a white veil.
From Shahyaylaq, you can witness some of Azerbaijan’s highest peaks. Along the Greater Caucasus mountain range, the Chingiz Peak (4,062m), Tufandag (4,191m), Republic Peak (3,740m), Kurvdag (3,863m), Bazaryurd (4,126m), Bazarduzu (4,466m), and on the Yan Ridge, Shahdag (4,243m), Yarudag (4,116m), and the Gyzylgaya Ridge, with Heydar (2,751m) and Ataturk (3,556m) peaks, can all be seen. This makes Shahyaylaq a unique destination for photographers and mountain trekkers alike.
The largest river flowing from the peaks is the Qusar River, into which several streams, including Shahnabat, Yatiqchay, Mahmudchay, Abilchay, Tufanchay, and Kurvechay, merge. The area also features several small and large ancient cemeteries, believed to belong to warriors, caravan travelers, and shepherds who once inhabited the region. Historically, a large market was set up at the foot of Bazarduzu and Bazaryurd mountains during the summer months. Merchants' settlements at the base of Bazaryurd gave the mountain its name. Caravans used to arrive from different routes, including Gabala-Laza-Shahyaylaq, Gabala-Qamervan-Shahyaylaq, Quba-Qriz-Khinaliq-Shahyaylaq, Shamakhi-Qonaqkend-Khinaliq-Shahyaylaq, Shabran-Qonaqkend-Khinaliq-Shahyaylaq, Qusar-Laza-Shahyaylaq, Ismayilli-Qalaciq-Hapit-Shahyaylaq, and Dagestan-Kurush-Shahyaylaq, to trade in the seasonal market.
Flora and Fauna of Shahyaylaq
As one of Azerbaijan’s highest and most remote pastures, Shahyaylaq boasts a diverse range of flora and fauna. Subalpine and alpine meadows are widespread here. The subalpine meadows host a variety of aromatic herbs such as wormwood, thyme, and chamomile, while higher elevations support mosses, lichens, and rare herbs adapted to the harsh climate. Shahyaylaq is also home to a rich array of wildlife, including mammals, birds, and predators. Wolves, commonly found in the Caucasus Mountains, roam in packs. The region is a haven for birdwatchers, as it harbors rare species such as the Caucasian snowcock, while eagles nest on rocky peaks and soar with their powerful wings. The falcon, known for its remarkable speed, holds a special place among the region's birds of prey.
Local Life and Shepherd Traditions in Shahyaylaq
Shepherd life in Shahyaylaq is an integral part of Azerbaijan’s mountainous heritage. For centuries, shepherds have maintained their traditions, living in harmony with nature. At the end of May, they set out from their winter pastures, embarking on a journey filled with both challenges and spiritual enrichment. This migration connects them to their roots, offering an experience that deepens their bond with the land. Shepherds who travel to Shahyaylaq spend the winter in Hajiqabul, Shirvan, Gobustan, Shamakhi, Shabran, and Siyazan. By early May, they begin their ascent to the high pastures, staying there until late October. Life in Shahyaylaq revolves around tending to sheep and goats, embracing the simplicity and purity of nature. Amidst the tents, the warmth of the fires, and the silent presence of the mountains, every moment holds meaning for a shepherd. Beyond caring for their livestock, they support one another against the hardships of weather and predators. Despite the difficulties, a deep respect and love for nature remain at the heart of their way of life. Every shepherd, as a true guardian of these lands, passes down their traditional knowledge to future generations. Shahyaylaq is more than just a place—it is a sanctuary where time stands still, nestled between majestic peaks. It is where one can witness the resilience and devotion of the shepherds, feel the heartbeat of Azerbaijan’s soul, and rediscover both nature and oneself in its serene landscapes.
Trekking and Hiking Routes in Shahyaylaq
Located in northern Azerbaijan within the Greater Caucasus mountain range, Shahyaylaq is an excellent destination for trekking, hiking, and mountaineering. It offers diverse trails suitable for both experienced mountaineers and beginners. Strategically positioned, Shahyaylaq serves as a base for expeditions to Azerbaijan’s highest peaks, including Bazarduzu (4,466m) and others:
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Şahdağ (4243 m)
One of Azerbaijan’s most renowned peaks, both historically and geographically.
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Tufandağ (4191 m)
Known for its extreme winter conditions and challenging, snow-covered trails.
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Çingiz (4062 m)
A significant elevation within the Greater Caucasus range.
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Gənclik (4042 m)
A peak celebrated for its natural beauty and breathtaking views.
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Cümhuriyyət (3740 m)
A symbolic and challenging climb representing Azerbaijan’s historical legacy.
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Bazaryurd (4126 m)
A technical climb suitable for experienced mountaineers.
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Yarudağ (4116 m)
A lesser-known peak offering spectacular landscapes.
Historical Caravan Routes and Trekking Trails
Shahyaylaq is not only famous for its peaks but also for its historical caravan routes. Once vital trade passages, these trails now offer exciting trekking opportunities through scenic mountainous terrain, connecting Quba, Qusar, and Gabala districts. Some of the most popular trekking routes include:
1. Laza (Qusar) – Shahyaylaq – Khinaliq – Laza (Gabala)
Passes through Khinaliq, one of Azerbaijan’s highest-altitude villages, offering breathtaking views of the Greater Caucasus.
2. Laza (Qusar) – Shahyaylaq – Kurvdag Pass – Laza (Gabala)
A route featuring high mountain passes, steep cliffs, rivers, and lush pastures. Hikers can set up camps or stay in mountain lodges for multi-day expeditions. Shahyaylaq is an attractive trekking and mountaineering destination year-round, offering vibrant green meadows and wildflowers in summer, while winter provides a challenging experience for those seeking adventure in harsh conditions.
How to Reach Shahyaylaq?
There are several ways to reach Shahyaylaq, either on foot or by off-road vehicle:
1. Qusar Route (via Laza Village)
The most popular hiking route begins in Laza, a picturesque village known for its waterfalls. The trail follows the Qusar River through mountain paths and pastures. The trek covers about 8-10 km and is moderately challenging.
2. Gabala Route (via Laza Village)
This adventurous route passes through forests and rugged terrain, following the Demiraparanchay River. The hike is approximately 20 km long.
3. Khinaliq Route (Easiest Option)
Starting from Khinaliq, Azerbaijan’s highest-altitude settlement, this route is about 15 km long, passing through meadows and gentle slopes. It is accessible by foot or 4x4 vehicle and takes 5-7 hours to complete.
