Xnip2024-05-15 15-59-58

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The three-layer clothing system is important during hiking. If perspiration can pass through the inner layer of clothing and be released into the air in vapor form, then we are properly dressed.

Layering System in Mountaineering and Nature Hiking

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Çıraqqala 24.04 (116)-min

Chiraggala is one of the fortified castles built to prevent the invasions of the Sabir and Khazar Turks coming from the north during the period of the Sassanian Empire in the 5th-6th centuries. Abbasgulu Agha Bakikhanov notes in his book "Gulistan-i-Iram" that the Gilgilchay wall "starts from the sea... it probably starts from the village of Algunlu - Aliganli, passing over the top of the Chirag castle. From there, it goes through the Ata mountain, which has the ruins of a large city, and then towards the Baba mountain above the Gonagkend." Arab historian Al-Balazuri (9th century) writes in his work "The Conquest of the Countries" that the Sassanian king Gubad built a wall of mud brick between the gates of the Shirvan and Arran provinces. Another Arab author, Ibn Khordadbeh, recalls that there were defense walls along the Caspian Sea coast even before the time of Gubad I (488-531 AD) in Shirvan. Therefore, the "Long Walls," as they were called, existed even before o

Journey to the Ancient Çıraqqala Fortress in English.

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Galeybugurd Castle, a medieval fortress in Azerbaijan, sits atop a mountain near the village of Galaybugurt, 20 km northwest of the city of Shamakhi. Archaeological excavations reveal that Bugurt Castle was inhabited during the 11th-13th centuries. Despite the passage of time, remnants of walls, turrets,  and residential areas can still be found within the castle. Its mention in historical sources dates back to the late 15th century. In 1509, during Shah Ismail I's attack on Shirvan, Shirvanshah sought refuge in Sheikhshah Bugurt Fortress, defending it against the invaders. In 1537, amidst a rebellion in Shirvan, Shahrukh, the Shirvanshah, and his courtiers were compelled to seek shelter within the castle. Subsequently, in 1538, Safavid troops, under the command of Alqas Mirza, launched an assault on Shirvan. Shahrukh and his aide, Huseyn Bey, retreated to Bugurt Castle, where they managed to withstand the Safavid siege for several months. Throughout this period, Bugurt Castle safeguarded the treasures of the Shirvanshahs. During the Safavid-Ottoman wars, the Ottomans seized control of the fortress, transforming it into one of their strategic strongholds. The castle remained in use for defensive purposes until the late 17th century. The historical events that unfolded within the castle, coupled with its geographical location, underscore its significance in Azerbaijani history and culture.

Galeybugurd Castle

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Let's talk about the picturesque village of Sim, which is considered the jewel of the Astara region in Azerbaijan, nestled amidst the unyielding grandeur of the Talysh Mountains along the border with Iran. This village occupies a unique place among the natural wonders of the region, surrounded by the mysterious landscapes of the Talysh Mountains that stretch along the southeastern corridor of Azerbaijan's border with Iran. The village of Sim, located in the heart of these mountains, occupies a special place in the tapestry of natural wonders of the region. The village of Sim is located near the Hirkan National Park at an altitude of 478 m above sea level.


Sim village, the  jewel of Astara

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Sundu Village, 16 kilometers from Gobustan, Sundu Village has a rich historical tapestry dating back five millennia to the Bronze Age. Etched into the harsh landscapes of the Northwest region, its ancient roots run deep, as evidenced by the caves carved into the high cliffs that once sheltered its earliest inhabitants.

Ancient Sundu village of Gobustan

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In addition to being the capital of Azerbaijan, Baku is also known as a historical, cultural, and commercial center of Western Asia. Although often buffeted by strong winds due to its location on the western shore of the Caspian Sea, known as the "City of Winds," it also boasts magnificent seafront views. With a population of over 2 million, Baku is the largest city in Azerbaijan and the entire Caucasus region.

Tourist attractions and activities in Baku

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Garanohur is a high mountain lake located in the Ismayilli district of Azerbaijan. It is situated 8 km northeast of the city of Ismayilli and sits at an altitude of 1520 meters above sea level. It is part of the watershed of the Garanohur River, which flows from the Greater Caucasus Mountains.

Exploring the Hidden Beauty of Garanohur Lake: A Hidden Gem in Ismayilli

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The majestic peak of Babadag, situated on the border of Azerbaijan's Guba and Qusar regions, stands tall as a beacon of both natural beauty and spiritual significance. Rising to an impressive height of 3629 meters, its breathtaking presence commands the landscape, evoking awe and admiration in all who behold it.

Mount Babadag: A Beacon of Natural Majesty and Spiritual Significance

QARANOHUR 7 20 2021 211-min

The Sheki Khan Plateau with a height of 2088 meters is not only a geographical object, but also a historical and cultural monument located in the north of the city of Sheki. Its importance extends from a summer pasture for cattle to a convenient recreation and hunting ground for the Sheki Khans.

Sheki Khan plateau (2088 m)

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The mischievous nature of Göygöl has long attracted attention to its essence and caused discussions related to the creation of shelter in the land in the early 20th century. In 1925, the first reserve of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Göygöl State Nature Reserve, was created. Later, in accordance with social demands and recommendations, it was reorganized by the decision numbered 475 of the Azerbaijan SSR Council of Ministers dated 14 July 1965. Göygöl National Park was created by the Decree of the President of the Republic. On April 1, 2008, Azerbaijan included the Göygöl State Natural Reserve, Khanlar (now Göygöl), Dashkəsan and Goranboy disciplinary districts. After receiving National Park status, the area of Goygol State Nature Reserve, which was initially 6739 hectares, was expanded to 12755 hectares. Apart from Goygol, there are 10 lakes inside the National Park. It is found in lakes other than Maralgöl, Ordekgöl, Zeligöl, Ayıgol, and Shamli lake. The reason for the creation of the lakes was that a part of the 3066-meter-high Kepaz mountain fell in an earthquake in 1139, partially blocking Agchay and causing the creation of the lakes.

Goygol National Park

Şahdağ zirvəsi 9-10 İyul 2022-142 (2)-min

Welcome to Shahdag National Park, an untouched wilderness nestled in the stunning landscapes of the Greater Caucasus region. Created on December 8, 2006, this natural treasure encompasses an area of 130,508.1 hectares, showcasing a diverse array of mountain forests, alpine meadows, and imposing cliffs. Situated in the Greater Caucasus region (Guba, Gusar, Ismayilli, Gabala, Oguz, and Shamakhi regions), this ecological marvel invites you to join us as we explore its rich flora and fauna and unravel the secrets of its natural beauty.

Researching Shahdag National Park

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The summit of Bazarduzu stands tall as a majestic sentinel in the Greater Caucasus Range, embodying both natural splendor and cultural significance. Rising to an impressive height of 4,466 meters above sea level, this lofty peak stretches along the border between Azerbaijan and the Republic of Dagestan in Russia, captivating attention with its steadfast beauty and historical allure.

Mount Bazarduzu: A Symbol of Natural Beauty and Historical Significance

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When you think of the highest mountains of Azerbaijan, the first thing that comes to mind is the Great Caucasus Mountains. There are countless uncountable peaks on the ridge that stretches from the Caspian Sea to the Black Sea. Bazarduz is the highest peak in the Azerbaijani part of the ridge that starts from Balekan and extends to the Caspian Sea. The world-famous Caucasus mountains begin at the Caspian Sea, where the semi-desert ends at 1,000 meters to 1,800 meters, and the alpine meadows begin. Meadows grow at an altitude of 3500 m. Rock and stony areas begin. Glaciers can be found at some altitudes above forty. Many of our rivers originate from glaciers and groundwater.

The highest mountains of Azerbaijan

Kəpəz zirvəsi 28-29 May-209 (1)-min

Mount Kapaz is one of Azerbaijan's most spectacular natural landmarks. Located within the picturesque scenery of the Lesser Caucasus mountain range, this majestic peak stands at an elevation of 3,066 meters. Throughout much of the year, the surrounding area of this notable mountain, which is a side ridge of the Lesser Caucasus mountains, is shrouded in clouds.

Mount Kapaz: Azerbaijan's Majestic Natural Wonder

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Mount Goshgar truly stands as a majestic sentinel within the rugged landscape of the Lesser Caucasus mountain range. Its superiority lies not only in its awe-inspiring elevation of 3361 meters but also in its cultural and spiritual significance for the people of Azerbaijan.
Nestled amidst the undulating terrain, Mount Goshgar exerts dominance over its surroundings. Its rocky slopes, verdant valleys, and jagged cliffs create a panorama of natural splendor that has mesmerized generations. Situated near the village of Khoshbulag in the Dashkasan region, this notable peak serves as both a geographical landmark and a cultural symbol.


Exploring Mount Goshgar, the Guardian of the Valleys

Şahdağ zirvəsi 9-10 İyul 2022-93 (1)-min

Shahdag Peak stands as a majestic sentinel within the rugged landscape of the Greater Caucasus mountain range, being the tallest peak in the Lesser Caucasus sub-range and the second highest peak in Azerbaijan, reaching a remarkable height of 4243 meters. Situated near the border with Russia in the Gusar region, the summit was first climbed in 1892 by Russian mountaineer and topographer Andrey Pastukhov. The mountain is composed of formidable and awe-inspiring cliffs.
As the proud crown of the Lesser Caucasus range within the Greater Caucasus mountain system, Shahdag Peak proudly boasts its impressive height of 4243 meters, captivating both adventurers and nature enthusiasts alike as Azerbaijan's second highest peak.


The second highest peak of Azerbaijan, the majestic Shahdag

Qrız şəlaləsi 26.02.2023 84-min

Waterfalls are one of nature's most beautiful and inspiring wonders. Simply watching the uninterrupted flow of water from above can be so calming that one cannot help but respect nature. If you are someone who always chooses to share the beauty of nature, what could prevent you from seeing a breathtaking waterfall view? We've done some initial research for you and discovered 24 of the most beautiful waterfalls in Azerbaijan. If you're ready to be amazed by nature's beauty, it's time to set out now!

The Most Beautiful Waterfalls in Azerbaijan

Gəncə-min

Ganja, known as Azerbaijan's second-largest city, is renowned for its rich historical and cultural heritage. This ancient city, with a history spanning over 4,000 years, has undergone numerous name changes throughout various periods. From 1804 to 1918, it was known as Yelizavetpol, and in 1935, it was renamed Kirovabad. Finally, in 1989, the city regained its ancient name, Ganja. Contemporary Arab historians suggest that the name "Ganja" derives from the Arabic word "kənz," which has Persian origins and means "treasure."
Farrukh Ahmadov proposes that the name of the city has Turkic origins, positing that the initial form "Qança" comes from the Turkish words "qan," "kan," "kaan," or "xan," which mean ruler, commander, or leader, combined with the suffix "-ca," which denotes a place or territory. Thus, the words "Ganja," "Qanca," and "Kancə" mean "place of the khan," "territory of the khan," or "residence of the khan." The author states that until the early 20th century, the names "Qanja" and "Khan yurt" were preserved in the language of the local population in the mountainous areas south of Ganja.
Modern Iranian historians claim that the name "Ganja" originates from the Persian word "gənc," which means "treasure."

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